Data ecosystems can be defined as socio-technical networks that bring together heterogeneous actors (individuals and organizations) and technological infrastructures (platforms, standards, and tools) to enable data sharing [7], i.e., the domain-independent process of granting access to data sets of others [8] under controlled conditions. 

Participation in such ecosystems is typically conditioned by the respect for data sovereignty, defined as the capacity of actors to determine which data are shared [9] and to enforce rules governing their subsequent use through organizational, technical, and regulatory mechanisms. Building on prior investigations including master-level projects, collaborative studies [10], a recently completed PhD [5], and ongoing lab research, this PhD project further explores how complex, multi-actor data ecosystems operate in practice.